1.   To address the uncertainty of provisional valuations conducted in accordance with points (b) to (g) of Article 36(4) of Directive 2014/59/EU, the valuer shall include in the valuation a buffer to reflect facts and circumstances supporting the existence of additional losses of uncertain amount or timing. In order to avoid double counting of uncertainty, the assumptions supporting the calculation of the buffer shall be adequately explained and justified by the valuer.

2.   In order to determine the size of the buffer, the valuer shall identify factors that may affect expected cash flows as a result of resolution actions likely to be adopted.

3.   For the purposes of paragraph 2, the valuer may extrapolate losses estimated for a part of the entity's assets to the remainder of the entity's balance sheet. Where available, average losses estimated for assets of peer competitors may also be extrapolated, subject to the necessary adjustments for differences in the business model and financial structure.