Article 5a
Definitions specific to crypto-assets
For the purposes of this Regulation, the following definitions apply:
(1)
‘crypto-asset’ means a crypto-asset as defined in Article 3(1), point (5), of Regulation (EU) 2023/1114 of the European Parliament and of the Council ( 16 ) that is not a central bank digital currency;
(2)
‘electronic money token’ or ‘e-money token’ means an electronic money token or e-money token as defined in Article 3(1), point (7), of Regulation (EU) 2023/1114;
(3)
‘crypto-asset exposure’ means an asset or an off-balance-sheet item related to a crypto-asset that gives rise to credit risk, counterparty credit risk, market risk, operational risk or liquidity risk;
(4)
‘traditional asset’ means any asset other than a crypto-asset, including:
(a)
financial instruments as defined in Article 4(1), point (50), of this Regulation;
(b)
funds as defined in Article 4, point (25), of Directive (EU) 2015/2366;
(c)
deposits as defined in Article 2(1), point (3), of Directive 2014/49/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council ( 17 ), including structured deposits;
(d)
securitisation positions in the context of a securitisation as defined in Article 2, point (1), of Regulation (EU) 2017/2402;
(e)
non-life or life insurance products falling within the classes of insurance listed in Annexes I and II to Directive 2009/138/EC or reinsurance and retrocession contracts referred to in that Directive;
(f)
pension products that, under national law, are recognised as having the primary purpose of providing the investor with an income in retirement and that entitle the investor to certain benefits;
(g)
officially recognised occupational pension schemes within the scope of Directive (EU) 2016/2341 of the European Parliament and of the Council ( 18 ) or Directive 2009/138/EC;
(h)
individual pension products for which a financial contribution from the employer is required by national law and where the employer or the employee has no choice as to the pension product or provider;
(i)
a pan-European Personal Pension Product as defined in Article 2, point (2), of Regulation (EU) 2019/1238 of the European Parliament and of the Council ( 19 );
(5)
‘tokenised traditional asset’ means a type of crypto-asset that represents a traditional asset, including an e-money token;
(6)
‘asset-referenced token’ means an asset-referenced token as defined in Article 3(1), point (6), of Regulation (EU) 2023/1114;
(7)
‘crypto-asset service’ means a crypto-asset service as defined in Article 3(1), point (16), of Regulation (EU) 2023/1114.
( 16 ) Regulation (EU) 2023/1114 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 31 May 2023 on markets in crypto-assets, and amending Regulations (EU) No 1093/2010 and (EU) No 1095/2010 and Directives 2013/36/EU and (EU) 2019/1937 (OJ L 150, 9.6.2023, p. 40).
( 17 ) Directive 2014/49/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 April 2014 on deposit guarantee schemes (OJ L 173, 12.6.2014, p. 149).
( 18 ) Directive (EU) 2016/2341 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 December 2016 on the activities and supervision of institutions for occupational retirement provision (IORPs) (OJ L 354, 23.12.2016, p. 37).
( 19 ) Regulation (EU) 2019/1238 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 June 2019 on a pan-European Personal Pension Product (PEPP) (OJ L 198, 25.7.2019, p. 1).
( 20 ) Regulation (EC) No 883/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2004 on the coordination of social security systems (OJ L 166, 30.4.2004, p. 1).
( 21 ) Regulation (EC) No 987/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 September 2009 laying down the procedure for implementing Regulation (EC) No 883/2004 on the coordination of social security systems (OJ L 284, 30.10.2009, p. 1).