‘institutions’ means credit institutions, as defined in point (2) of Article 2(1) of Directive 2014/59/EU, or investment firms as defined in point (2) of this Article, as well as a central body and all credit institutions permanently affiliated to the central body as referred to in Article 10 of Regulation (EU) No 575/2013 as a whole on a consolidated basis, where the conditions provided for in Article 2(1) are met;

‘investment firms’ means investment firms as defined in point (3) of Article 2(1) of Directive 2014/59/EU, excluding investment firms which fall within the definition of Article 96(1)(a) or (b) of Regulation (EU) No 575/2013 or investment firms which carry out activity 8 of Annex I Section A of Directive 2004/39/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council ( 2 ) but which do not carry out activities 3 or 6 of Annex I Section A of that Directive;

‘annual target level’ means the total amount of annual contributions determined for each contribution period by the resolution authority to reach the target level referred to in Article 102(1) of Directive 2014/59/EU;

‘financing arrangement’ means an arrangement for the purpose of ensuring the effective application by the resolution authority of the resolution tools and powers as referred to in Article 100(1) of Directive 2014/59/EU;

‘annual contribution’ means the amount referred to in Article 103 of Directive 2014/59/EU raised by the resolution authority for the national financing arrangement during the contribution period from each of the institutions referred to in Article 2 of this Regulation;

‘contribution period’ means a calendar year;

‘resolution authority’ means the authority referred to in point (18) of Article 2(1) of Directive 2014/59/EU, or any other relevant authority appointed by the Member States for the purposes of Article 100(2) and (6) of Directive 2014/59/EU;

‘competent authority’ means a competent authority as defined in Article 4(1)(40) of Regulation (EU) No 575/2013;

‘deposit guarantee schemes’ (DGS) means schemes referred to in point (a), (b), or (c) of Article 1(2) of Directive 2014/49/EU;

‘covered deposits’ means the deposits referred to in Article 6(1) of Directive 2014/49/EU, excluding temporary high balances as defined in Article 6(2) of that Directive;

‘total liabilities’ means total liabilities as defined in Section 3 of Council Directive 86/635/EEC ( 3 ), or as defined in accordance with the International Financial Reporting Standards referred to in Regulation (EC) No 1606/2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council ( 4 );

‘total assets’ means total assets as defined in Section 3 of Directive 86/635/EEC, or defined in accordance with the International Financial Reporting Standards referred to in Regulation (EC) No 1606/2002;

‘Total Risk Exposure’ (TRE) means the total risk exposure amount as defined in Article 92(3) of Regulation (EU) No 575/2013;

‘Common Equity Tier 1 Capital Ratio’ means the ratio as referred to in Article 92(2)(a) of Regulation (EU) No 575/2013;

‘MREL’ means the minimum requirement for own funds and eligible liabilities as defined in Article 45(1) of Directive 2014/59/EU;

‘own funds’ means own funds as defined in point (118) of Article 4(1) of Regulation (EU) No 575/2013;

‘eligible liabilities’ means eligible liabilities as defined in Article 2(1), point (71a), of Directive 2014/59/EU;

‘Leverage Ratio’ means leverage ratio as defined in Article 429 of Regulation (EU) No 575/2013;

‘Liquidity Coverage Ratio’ (LCR) means a liquidity coverage ratio as defined in Article 412 of Regulation (EU) No 575/2013 and further specified in Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2015/61 ( 5 );

‘Net Stable Funding Ratio’ (NSFR) means a net stable funding ratio as reported in accordance with Article 415 of Regulation (EU) No 575/2013;

‘central counterparty’ (CCP) means a legal person as defined in Article 2(1) of Regulation (EU) No 648/2012;

‘derivatives’ means derivatives according to Annex II of Regulation (EU) No 575/2013;

‘central securities depository’ (CSD) means a legal person as defined in point (1) of Article 2(1) and in Article 54 of Regulation (EU) No 909/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council ( 6 );

‘settlement’ means the completion of a securities transaction as defined in point (2) of Article 2(1) of Regulation (EU) No 909/2014;

‘clearing’ means the process of establishing positions as defined in Article 2(3) of Regulation (EU) No 648/2012;

‘financial market infrastructure’ means, for the purpose of this Regulation, a CCP as referred to in point 21 of this Article or a CSD as referred to in point 23 of this Article that are authorised as institutions in accordance with Article 8 of Directive 2013/36/EU;

 ‘promotional bank’ means any undertaking or entity set up by a central or regional government of a Member State, which grants promotional loans on a non-competitive, not for profit basis in order to promote that government's public policy objectives, provided that that government has an obligation to protect the economic basis of the undertaking or entity and maintain its viability throughout its lifetime, or that at least 90 % of its original funding or of the promotional loan it grants is directly or indirectly guaranteed by that government;

‘promotional loan’ means a loan granted by a promotional bank or through an intermediate bank on a non-competitive, non for profit basis, in order to promote the public policy objectives of central or regional governments in a Member State;

‘intermediary institution’ means a credit institution which intermediates promotional loans provided that it does not give them as credit to a final customer;

‘liabilities arising from derivative contracts’ means either individual liabilities arising from a derivative contract or, where applicable, liabilities arising from a netting set of derivative contracts as listed in Annex II to Regulation (EU) No 575/2013.