Article 10
Assessment of resolvability
1.
When drafting and updating resolution plans in accordance with Article 8, the Board, after consulting the competent authorities, including the ECB, and the resolution authorities of non-participating Member States in which significant branches are located insofar as relevant to the significant branch, shall conduct an assessment of the extent to which institutions and groups are resolvable without the assumption of any of the following:
(a)
any extraordinary public financial support besides the use of the Fund established in accordance with Article 67;
(b)
any central bank emergency liquidity assistance; or
(c)
any central bank liquidity assistance provided under non-standard collateralisation, tenor and interest rate terms.
2.
The ECB or the relevant national competent authority shall provide the Board with a recovery plan or group recovery plan. The Board shall examine the recovery plan with a view to identifying any actions in the recovery plan which may adversely impact the resolvability of the institution or group and make recommendations to the ECB or the national competent authority on those matters.
3.
When drafting a resolution plan, the Board shall assess the extent to which such an entity is resolvable in accordance with this Regulation. An entity shall be deemed to be resolvable if it is feasible and credible for the Board to either liquidate it under normal insolvency proceedings or to resolve it by applying to it resolution tools and exercising resolution powers while avoiding, to the maximum extent possible, any significant adverse consequences for financial systems, including circumstances of broader financial instability or system wide events, of the Member State in which the entity is situated, or other Member States, or the Union and with a view to ensuring the continuity of critical functions carried out by the entity.
The Board shall notify EBA in a timely manner where an institution is deemed not to be resolvable.
4.
A group shall be deemed to be resolvable if it is feasible and credible for the Board either to wind up group entities under normal insolvency proceedings or to resolve them by applying resolution tools to, and exercising resolution powers with respect to, resolution entities of that group while avoiding, to the maximum extent possible, any significant adverse consequences for the financial systems of the Member States in which group entities are located or of other Member States or the Union, including broader financial instability or system wide events, with a view to ensuring the continuity of critical functions carried out by those group entities, where they can be easily separated in a timely manner, or by other means.
The Board shall notify EBA in a timely manner where a group is deemed not to be resolvable.
Where a group is composed of more than one resolution group, the Board shall assess the resolvability of each resolution group in accordance with this Article.
The assessment referred to in the first subparagraph shall be performed in addition to the assessment of the resolvability of the entire group.
5.
For the purposes of paragraphs 3, 4 and 10, significant adverse consequences for the financial system or threat to financial stability refers to a situation where the financial system is actually or potentially exposed to a disruption that may give rise to financial distress liable to jeopardise the orderly functioning, efficiency and integrity of the internal market or the economy or the financial system of one or more Member States. In determining the significant adverse consequences the Board shall take into account the relevant warnings and recommendations of the ESRB and the relevant criteria developed by EBA in considering the identification and measurement of systemic risk.
6.
For the purpose of the assessment referred to in this Article, the Board shall examine the matters specified in Section C of the Annex to Directive 2014/59/EU.
7.
If, pursuant to an assessment of resolvability for an entity or a group carried out in accordance with paragraph 3 or 4, the Board, after consulting the competent authorities, including the ECB, determines that there are substantive impediments to the resolvability of that entity or group, the Board shall prepare a report, in cooperation with the competent authorities, addressed to the institution or the parent undertaking analysing the substantive impediments to the effective application of resolution tools and the exercise of resolution powers. That report shall consider the impact on the institution's business model and recommend any proportionate and targeted measures that, in the Board's view, are necessary or appropriate to remove those impediments in accordance with paragraph 10.
8.
The report shall also be notified to the competent authorities and to the resolution authorities of non-participating Member States in which significant branches of institutions which are not part of a group are located. It shall be supported by reasons for the assessment or determination in question and shall indicate how that assessment or determination complies with the requirement for proportionate application laid down in Article 6.
9.
Within four months from the date of receipt of the report, the entity or the parent undertaking shall propose to the Board possible measures to address or remove the substantive impediments identified in the report. The Board shall communicate any measure proposed by the entity or parent undertaking to the competent authorities, to EBA and, where significant branches of institutions that are not part of a group are located in non-participating Member States, to the resolution authorities of those Member States.
Within two weeks of the date of receipt of a report made in accordance with paragraph 7 of this Article, the entity shall propose to the Board possible measures and a timeline for their implementation to ensure that the entity or the parent undertaking complies with Article 12f or 12g, and the combined buffer requirement, where a substantive impediment to resolvability is due to either of the following situations:
(i)
the entity meets the combined buffer requirement when considered in addition to each of the requirements referred to in points (a), (b) and (c) of Article 141a(1) of Directive 2013/36/EU, but does not meet the combined buffer requirement when considered in addition to the requirements referred to in Articles 12d and 12e of this Regulation when calculated in accordance with point (a) of Article 12a(2) of this Regulation; or
(ii)
the entity does not meet the requirements referred to in Articles 92a and 494 of Regulation (EU) No 575/2013 or the requirements referred to in Articles 12d and 12e of this Regulation.
When proposing the timeline for the implementation of measures referred to in the second subparagraph, the entity shall take into account the reasons for the substantive impediment. The Board, after consulting the competent authorities, including the ECB, shall assess whether those measures effectively address or remove the substantive impediment in question.
10.
The Board, after consulting the competent authorities, shall assess whether the measures referred to in paragraph 9 effectively address or remove the substantive impediments in question. If the measures proposed by the entity or parent undertaking concerned do not effectively reduce or remove the impediments to resolvability, the Board shall take a decision, after consulting the competent authorities and, where appropriate, the designated macro-prudential authority, indicating that the measures proposed do not effectively reduce or remove the impediments to resolvability, and instructing the national resolution authorities to require the institution, the parent undertaking, or any subsidiary of the group concerned, to take any of the measures listed in paragraph 11.
In identifying alternative measures, the Board shall demonstrate how the measures proposed by the institution would not be able to remove the impediments to resolvability and how the alternative measures proposed are proportionate in removing them. The Board shall take into account the threat to financial stability of those impediments to resolvability and the effect of the measures on the business of the institution, its stability and its ability to contribute to the economy, on the internal market for financial services and on the financial stability in other Member States and the Union as a whole.
The Board shall also take into account the need to avoid any impact on the institution or the group concerned which would go beyond what is necessary to remove the impediment to resolvability or would be disproportionate.
11.
For the purpose of paragraph 10, the Board, where applicable, shall instruct the national resolution authorities to take any of the following measures:
(a)
to require the entity to revise any intragroup financing agreements or review the absence thereof, or draw up service agreements (whether intra-group or with third parties) to cover the provision of critical functions;
(b)
to require the entity to limit its maximum individual and aggregate exposures;
(c)
to impose specific or regular additional information requirements relevant for resolution purposes;
(d)
to require the entity to divest specific assets;
(e)
to require the entity to limit or cease specific existing or proposed activities;
(f)
to restrict or prevent the development of new or existing business lines or sale of new or existing products;
(g)
to require changes to legal or operational structures of the entity or any group entity, either directly or indirectly under their control, so as to reduce complexity in order to ensure that critical functions may be legally and operationally separated from other functions through the application of the resolution tools;
(h)
to require an entity to set up a parent financial holding company in a Member State or a Union parent financial holding company;
(i)
to require an entity to issue eligible liabilities to meet the requirements of Articles 12f and 12g;
(j)
to require an entity to take other steps to meet the requirements referred to in Articles 12f and 12g, including in particular to attempt to renegotiate any eligible liability, Additional Tier 1 instrument or Tier 2 instrument it has issued, with a view to ensuring that any decision of the Board to write down or convert that liability or instrument would be effected under the law of the jurisdiction governing that liability or instrument.
(k)
to require an entity to submit a plan to restore compliance with the requirements of Articles 12f and 12g of this Regulation, expressed as a percentage of the total risk exposure amount calculated in accordance with Article 92(3) of Regulation (EU) No 575/2013 and, where applicable, with the combined buffer requirement and with the requirements of Article 12f or 12g of this Regulation expressed as a percentage of the total exposure measure referred to in Articles 429 and 429a of Regulation (EU) No 575/2013;
(l)
for the purpose of ensuring ongoing compliance with Article 12f or 12g, to require an entity to change the maturity profile of:
(i)
own funds instruments, after having obtained the agreement of the competent authorities, including the ECB, and
(ii)
eligible liabilities referred to in Article 12c and point (a) of Article 12g(2).
Where applicable, the national resolution authorities shall directly take the measures referred to in points (a) to (j) of the first subparagraph.
12.
The national resolution authorities shall implement the instructions of the Board in accordance with Article 29.
13.
A decision made pursuant to paragraphs 10 and 11 shall meet the following requirements:
(a)
it shall be supported by reasons for the assessment or determination in question;
(b)
it shall indicate how that assessment or determination complies with the requirement for proportionate application laid down in paragraph 10.